Paras. 42-46

42 The judge used his gavel to quell the hubbub and adjourned the court until next day.

43 Bryan stood forlornly alone. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.

44 The jury were asked to consider their verdict at noon the following day. The jurymen retired to a corner of the lawn and whispered for just nine minutes. The verdict was guilty.I was fined 100 dollars and costs.

45 Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat."A few southern papers, loyal to their faded champion, hailed it as a victory for Bryan. But Bryan, sad and exhausted, died in Dayton two days after the trial.

46 I was offered my teaching job back but I declined. Some of the professors who had come to testify on my behalf arranged a scholarship for me at the University of Chicago so that I could pursue the study of science. Later I became a geologist for an oil company.

Q1: What do paragraphs 42-48 mainly talk about?

A1: They reveal the ending as well as the significance of the proseution.

Q2: What can be known from paragraphs 42-46?

A2: They reveal the ending of the prosecution.

Q3: How do you paraphrase the following knowledge points?

1. gavel (Para.42)

a special kind of hammer used by a judge or presiding officer of a meeting to call for attention or order

2. quell (Para.42)

(poetic and rhetorical) suppress; quiet

3. hubbub (Para.42)

(slang)a mixture of loud noise; a noisy confused mingling of sounds a great stir

4. forlorn (Para.43)

formal) left alone and unhappy; in pitiful condition, nearly helpless

5. My heart... shake Darrow's hand. (Para.43)

Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt very sorry for Bryan.

1) go out to: to be extended to

2) heart goes out to: formal) to feel sorry for; to feel pity or sympathy for

3) old warrior: old fighter; here it means one who has fought for certain ideas.

6. The jury were asked to consider their verdict... (Para.44)

1)"were" is used here to refer to the members of the jury, and ordinarily it would be "The jury was asked."

2) ask: meaning instructed by the judge here

3) consider: meaning decide here

7. The jurymen retired to a corner of the lawn and whispered for just nine minutes.

(Para.44)

The jurors went off by themselves to discuss the case and reached their decision in nine minutes, an incredibly short period of time. This reminds the readers of a highly partial jury. There is no fair trial to speak of.

1) retire: to go away; to withdraw

2) whisper: indicating that they do not want others to overhear

8.I was fined 100 dollars and costs. (Para.44)

I was required to pay 100 dollars as a punishment and was also required to pay the fees of the lawyers of both sides.

1) fine: to take money from as a punishment; to require the punishment or penalty for an offense

2) costs: In a trial, the person(party) losing the case has to pay lawyers' fees for both sides.

9."victorious defeat"(Para.45)

Literally a defeat (found guilty, fined), but really something of a victory for the evolutionists because the very light sentence of a 100-dollar fine signifies that the judge wasn't outraged at his "crime. “Also the trial brought the issues out into the open, and the publicity largely showed the scientific viewpoint in a favorable light and as reasonable. These really were the main objectives of having the trial in the first place.

10. southern papers (Para.45)

newspapers published in the southern states of the U.S. which are known for their conservatism and backwardness of ideas

11. faded champion (Para.45) referring to Bryan whose oratorical skill, wit and force had become less impressive; a champion that had lost his glory

12. But Bryan.… after the trial. (Para.45)

1) Bryan wasn't convinced by the praise or verdict of the southern papers. The author suggests that the trial caused Brian’s death-not only because it was physically exhausting, but also because he was so upset psychologically by it.

2) sad: not very clear whether he was simply saddened by the verdict, or sad because he lost face at several points in the trial, sad because he had lost much of his oratorical skill from earlier years, etc., or a combination of these.

13.… offered my teaching job back... (Para.46)

invited to take my teaching job; again, asked to take back my teaching job

14. decline (Para.46) implying courtesy in expressing one’s non-acceptance of an invitation, proposal, etc.; refuse politely, applicable to invitation to social events or to a courteous offer of help

15.… arranged a scholarship for me... (Para.46)

got a scholarship (a grant of money to aid a student in paying for education costs)

for me

Paras. 47-48

47 Not long ago I went back to Dayton for the first time since my trial 37 years ago. The little town looked much the same to me. But now there is a William Jennings Bryan University on a hill-top overlooking the valley.

48 There were other changes, too. Evolution is taught in Tennessee, though the law under which I was convicted is still on the books. The oratorical storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the passing years.

Q1: What do these two paragraphs tell?

A1: They reveal the significance of the case.

Q2: How do you paraphrase the following knowledge points?

1. overlook (Para.47)

to have a view of (something or someone) from above

2. There are other changes, too. (Para.48)

changes which are not just physical and not confined to the town of Dayton

3.. the law. is still on the books. (Para.48)

The U.S. law is based on written legal decisions and legislation, so if there are no written legal decisions about teaching evolution the law will not be enforced, even it is still on the books. Legislation and the removal of laws is a slow considered process in the West.

on the books: recorded, listed, not cancelled

4. The oratorical storm... with the passing years. (Para.48)

The battle Darrow and Malone fought in the little court in Dayton drew attention all over the country. It brought changes in the U.S. and paved the way for the spreading of the concept that people should be allowed to express their ideas freely. Today free expression of ideas is accepted by most people.

1) The other change was the new open-mindedness that spread throughout the country as a result of the attention the trial received.

2) Metaphors are used in this sentence. The debate in the court is compared to a storm and the author follows through on the metaphor: blew up; swept like a fresh wind; its wake; climate.

3) blow up:(of bad weather) to start blowing; to arrive; to arise

4) sweep: to move (over or past sth.) quickly; to pass swiftly over or across

5) a fresh wind: because it challenged an outdated idea and paved the way for the free expression of ideas

6) in its wake: following directly or close behind it; following as a consequence Key to Exercises