Part I. Grammar and vocabulary（60%）
Please write down your answers in the spaces given below.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
11. ________ 12. ________ 13. ________ 14. ________ 15. ________
16. ________ 17. ________ 18. ________ 19. ________ 20. ________
21. ________ 22. ________ 23. ________ 24. ________ 25. ________
26. ________ 27. ________ 28. ________ 29. ________ 30. ________
1. A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and ________ your text more easily.
A. register B. edit C. propose D. discharge
2. We don’t know why so many people in that region like to wear dresses of such ________ colors.
A. low B. humble C. mild D. dull
3. The news has just ________ that the president is going to visit China next month.
A. come down B. come up C. come out D. come about
4. The ________ that exists among nations could certainly be lessened if misunderstanding and mistrust were removed.
A. tension B. strain C. stress D. intensity
5. The other day, Mum and I went to St. James’s Hospital, and they did lots and lots of tests on me, most of them ________ and frightening.
A. cheerful B. horrible C. hostile D. friendly
6. In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great ________.
A. fare B. payment C. worth D. expense
7. The writer was so ________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room.
A. absorbed B. abandoned C. focused D. centered
8. Actually, information technology can ________ the gap between the poor and the rich.
A. link B. break C. ally D. bridge
9. Some research workers completely ________ all those facts as though they never existed.
A. ignore B. leave C. refuse D. miss
10. Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ________.
A. stage B. scene C. location D. occasion
11. Norman Davis will be remembered by many with ________ not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend.
A. kindness B. friendliness C. warmth D. affection
12. Salaries for ________ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.
A. legal B. optional C. voluntary D. temporary
13. Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society. ________ it has affected the traditional role of men.
A. Above all B. In all C. At most D. At last
14. Science and technology have ________ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.
A. attached B. assisted C. contributed D. witnessed
15. As an actor he could communicate a whole ________ of emotions.
A. frame B. range C. number D. scale
16. This is what you should bear in mind: Don't ________ a salary increase before you actually get it.
A. hang on B. draw on C. wait on D. count on
17. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ________ instead of mechanically.
A. artificially B. automatically C. manually D. synthetically
18. The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't ________ her grip on my arm.
A. loosen B. remove C. relieve D. dismiss
19. He never arrives on time and my ________ is that he feels the meetings are useless.
A. preference B. conference C. inference D. reference
20. Mrs. Smith was so ________ about everything that no servants could please her.
A. specific B. special C. precise D. particular
21. The old paper mill has been ______to make way for a new shopping center.
A. held down B. kept down C. cut down D. turn down
22. It may be necessary to stop ______in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.
A. at a distance B. at intervals C. at case D. at length
23. You can hire a bicycle in many places. Usually you ‘ll have to pay a _________.
A. deposit B. deal C. fare D. fond
24. My grandfather had always taken a _______interest in my work, and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time.
A. splendid B. weighty C. vague D. keen
25. ________quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.
A. Excessive B. Extensive C. Extreme D. exclusive
26. John cannot afford to go to university, _______going abroad.
A. nothing but B. anything but
C. not to speak of D. nothing to speak of
27. Most laboratory and field studies of human behavior ______taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place.
A. involve B. compose C. enclose D. attach
28. If you don’t like to swim, you _____as well stay at home.
A. should B. may C. can D. would
29. Dr. Smith was always ______the poor and the sick, often providing them with free medical care.
A. reminded of B. absorbed in C. tended by D. concerned about
30. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on July 4,1826, the fiftieth_ ______of American Independence.
A. ceremony B. occasion C. occurrence D. anniversary
Part II. Translate the following sentences（20%）
Please write down your answers in the spaces given below.
1. One of my happiest memories is of one warm summer's day. High up in the branches of one of the apple trees rested the boy, reading his favorite book.
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2. Everything was very clean and tidy; it was as if they had furnished the house in the same style as when I was first built. They also installed electricity – I hadn't realized how bright the lights could be or how gloomy my rooms must have appeared.
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3. I'm afraid to admit that there's even dirt and mould inside the house. Even the neighborhood isn't what it used to be, full of loud music and shouting late at nights, and frankly the traffic is impossible to live with.
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4. He did not choose arbitrarily but took it on higher authority from his predecessors, who had derived it from nature while observing the motions of the heavenly bodies.
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5. This difference makes finding latitude child's-play, and turns the determination of longitude, especially at sea, into an adult dilemma – one that stumped the wisest minds of the world for the better part of human history.
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Part III Reading Comprehension（20%)
Please write down your answers of the following two passages in the spaces given below.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________
5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________
9. ________ 10. ________
Passage 1
Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.
The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27.
Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.
On the other hand, indicators of a person’s accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.
The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people’s minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.
“These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one’s abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases,” Salthouse said in a news release.
The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point, over the next seven years.
The tests are designed to detect subtle (细微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.
In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.
The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆), according to the researchers.
“By following individuals over time,” Salthouse said, “we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”
The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants’ health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.
1. What is the common view of mental function?
A. It varies from person to person.
B. It weakens in one’s later years.
C. It gradually expands with age.
D. It indicates one’s health condition.
2. What does the new study find about mental functions?
A. Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.
B. They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.
C. They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.
D. Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.
3. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people’s minds in most cases?
A. They tend to decline in people’s later years.
B. Their flexibility determines one’s abilities.
C. They function quite well even in old age.
D. Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.
4. Although people’s minds may function less flexibly as they age, they _____.
A. may be better at solving puzzles
B. can memorize things with more ease
C. may have greater facility in abstract reasoning
D. can put what they have learnt into more effective use
5. According to Salthouse, their study may help us_____.
A. find ways to slow down our mental decline
B. find ways to boost our memories
C. understand the complex process of mental functioning
D. understand the relation between physical and mental health
Passage 2
Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues," and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."
Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.
At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.
Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.
In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.
Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. But too often collateral(附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?
These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.
A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most postconviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.
The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.
6. What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest？
A. Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.
B. Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison
C. Her release from prison has drawn little attention.
D. Her prison sentence might have been extended.
7. What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America？
A. They backslide after serving their terms in prison.
B. They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf
C. They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses
D. They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances
8. What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record？
A. They remain poor for the rest of their lives
B. They are deprived of all social benefits
C. They are marginalized in society
D. They are deserted by their family
9. What does the author thank of the post-conviction laws and rules？
A. They help to maintain social stability
B. Some of them have long been outdated
C. They are hardly understood by the public
D. A lot of them have negative effects on society
10.What is the author's main purpose ln writing the passage?
A. To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.
B. To appeal for changes in America's criminal justice system
C. To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.
D. To call people's attention to prisoners' conditions in America.
