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参考答案

Phonetics is the study of speech sounds. Phonology is the study of sound systems and patterns. Phonetics and phonology are both concerned with the study of speech sounds, but they two differ in perspectives. Phonetics, particularly articulatory phonetics, focuses on how speech sounds are produced, what phonetic features they have, and how to transcribe them. In phonetics, sound segments are assumed to be invariable; variations are overlooked. Phonology focuses on the following three fundamental questions: What sounds make up the list of sounds that can distinguish meaning in a particular language? What sounds make up the list of ways in what context? What sounds can appear together in a sequence in a particular language?