本章重点为各种语用理论及语用原则以及会话结构等。本章难点为运用合作原则、礼貌原则以及运用语用理论及语用原则分析具体的语言材料。

Chapter 7 Pragmatics: the analysis of meaning in context

 Cooperation and implicature

 Grice’s Cooperative Principle and the four maxims

 The maxim of quantity 

 The maxim of quality

 The maxim of relevance

 The maxim of manner

 Conversational implicature

 Conversational implicature and inference

 The politeness principle (PP)

 Politeness as a universal phenomenon

 The politeness principles

 Tact 

 Generosity

 Approbation

 Modesty

 Agreement

 Sympathy

 Scales of politeness

 Social variables in politeness

 Cultural difference in politeness

 Hedges

 Classification of hedges

 Approximators: adaptors and rounders.

 Shields: plausibility shields and attribution shields.

 Pragmatic functions of hedges

 The principle of relevance (RP)

It is determined by two factors: contextual effect and processing effort. The greater the contextual effect, the greater the relevance.

 Conversational structure

 Turn-taking 

 Adjacency pair 

 Insertion sequence 

 Pre-sequence

  Pre-invitation

  Pre-request

  Pre-announcement

学习了这些内容后，相信大家对运用合作原则、礼貌原则以及运用语用理论及语用原则有了更深入的了解，这将有利于大家今后的英语的学习。

如果想要了解更多关于如何学习章节的内容，请在学习资源继续了解本章拓展内容。