1. Definition of text and discourse

When text is viewed in its socio-cultural context, the analysis is usually regarded as discourse analysis. If viewd as a linguistic process, that will be taken as text analysis. In this view, a text is regarded as the linguistics forms in a stretch of language, and the interpretations of them do not vary with context. It seems that their meaning were constant for all users.

Virtnen: Text was formerly referred as the structural qualities of discourse and is increasingly seen through the process of text production and comprehension. In this sense, the term text is closer to the connotation of discourse. Text can be regarded as string of language around which the receptor can build a coherent, non-contradictory universe of discourse. Text is a string of language produced and interpreted for a certain define use.

Discourse is a stretch of language in use, taking on meaning in context for its users, and perceived by them as purposeful, meaningful, and connected. But the distinction is not clear-out.

Halliday mentions that discourse is the text differ in “point of view” or “different angles of vision on the phenomena”. He says that “discourse is text that is being viewed in its socio-cultural context, while text is discourse that is being viewed as a process of language”.

2. Text analysis and discourse analysis

Discourse analysis is the study of the structure of naturally occurring spoken language; while text analysis is on the structure of written language.

While in Europe text analysis is still a cover term often used for the study of the linguistic principles governing the structure of all forms of text, both spoken and written, the term “discourse” has come into fashion in recent years. It is used to refer to a wide range of meanings and cover a wide range of activities at the intersection of disciplines as diverse as socio-linguistics, psycholinguistics, philosophical linguistics and computational linguistics.

Virtnen: Text analysis is a study of both formal linguistic qualities of stretches of language and the variable perceptions of these stretched of language by individuals and groups.