I. Fill in the blanks：

1.__________ is defined as the discovery of new practices, tools, or concepts that many members of the culture eventually accepted and that may produce slight changes in social habits and behaviors.

2.__________ is the borrowing by one culture from another. It is part of cultural contact for as long as cultures have existed.

3.__________ is a type of cultural change occurs when a society undergoes drastic culture change under the influence of a more dominant culture and society with which it has come in contact.

4.___________ is conscious or unconscious conditioning occurring with that process whereby the individual achieves competence in a particular culture. It usually takes place through interaction, observation and imitation.

5. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is interpreted in two ways. One is known as _________ and the other interpretation is termed ________ .

6. Hymes takes all the factors that are involved in communication into account. He uses the acronym _________ to represent all the relevant factors.

II. Indicate the statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets：

( ) 1. Culture is multidimensional, complex and all-pervasive. Not one aspect of human life is nor touched and altered by culture.

( ) 2. Whatever is natural is not culture; whatever is man-made or meaningful is culture.

( ) 3. Subconscious learning of cultural perceptions, rules, and behaviors usually goes on in everyday life. The essential messages of a culture get reinforced and repeated.

( ) 4. Ethnocentrism cannot cause the alienation of co-cultures from the dominant culture.

( ) 5. Relativism means that language determines our thinking, and consequently, different languages may probably lead to unique ways of understanding the world.

III. Answer the following questions briefly

1. What is Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? Explain it in your own language?

2. What is the ethnography of communication?