Part 1. Multiple choice

1-5  CDACB

6-10  CACAD

Part 2. Indicate the following statements true or false.

1-5  FTTTT

6-10  TFTFT

Part 3. State what semantic property or properties are shared by the group of words.

1. [+Human] [+Male]

2. [+Animal] [+Male]

3. [+Plant]

4. [+Abstract]

5. [+Traffic]

Part 4. Explain the following terms.

1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. Linguistics is defined as the scientific study of language.

2. Semantics is defined as the study of meaning. Pragmatics is defined as the study of speaker meaning.

3. Arbitrariness refers to that the relationship between speech sounds and the meanings they represent in the languages of the world is, for the most part, an arbitrary one.

4. Voicing refers to the vibrating of the vocal cords when sounds are produced.

Part 4. Complete the blanks with necessary words beginning with the letter given.

1. maxims

2. Motivation

3. locutionary; illocutionary; perlocutionary

4. mapping

5. clipping

6. allomorphs

7. acquisition

8. dialect

Part 6. Explain the ambiguity in the following two sentences.

1.

(1) Those who quickly went there made a fortune.

(2) Those who went there made a fortune quickly.

2.

(1) The planes which are flying can be dangerous.

(2) It’s dangerous to fly planes.

3.

(1) They put fish into cans.

(2) They are able to fish.

4.

(1) The design is full of big squares and big circles.

(2) The design is full of circles and big squares.

5.

(1) I saw the couple who were in the cafeteria.

(2) In the cafeteria I saw the couple.

Part 7. Draw two phrase structure trees representing the two meanings of the sentence “The magician touched the child with the wand.”.

1. The magician used the wand to touch the child.

2. The magician touched the child who was carrying the wand.