Grammar: Direct & Indirect Speech (2)
语法：直接引语和间接引语（2）

1．疑问句的间接引语

1）wh- 疑问句的间接引语

He asked, "Where do you go?"
-- He asked where I went.
"When did she leave her hometown for the city?" asked the reporter.
-- The reporter asked when she had left her hometown for the city.
"Who has broken this vase?" inquired the detective.
-- The detective wanted to know who had broken the vase.

2）yes - no 疑问句的间接引语

a. 引述yes-no 疑问句，用 whether/if作连词。
"Do you want to go by train or by air?" asked the travel agent.
-- The travel agent asked me whether/if I wanted to go by train or by air.
The headmaster asked the students, "Do you understand the meaning of the discipline?"
-- The headmaster asked the students whether they understood the meaning of the discipline.

b. whether…or 句式
"Will she accept or refuse my offer?" the businessman wondered.
-- The businessman wondered whether she would accept or refuse his offer.
He said to himself, "Shall I go or stay to comfort her?"
-- He asked himself whether he should go or stay to comfort her.

c. 引述 Shall I/we…; Will/Could/Would… 开始的疑问句，往往不用名词从句，而是根据句子的意思灵活转变
"Shall we meet at the gate of the university?"
-- The team leader suggested meeting at the gate of the university.
"Would you have lunch with me tomorrow?" he asked.
-- He invited me to have lunch with him the following day.
"Shall I bring you more food?" the hostess required.
-- The hostess offered to bring me more food.

2．祈使句的间接引语

1) 祈使句肯定式的间接引语
The commander said to the soldier, "Lie down!"
-- The commander ordered the soldier to lie down.
The mother said to her little son, "Be careful when crossing the street."
-- The mother told her son to be careful when crossing (he crossed) the street.

* 常用于引述祈使句的动词还有：advise, beg, command, encourage, forbid, implore, invite, order, recommend, remind, request, urge, warn, etc.

2）祈使句否定式的间接引语
"Don't make so much noise," I shouted at my children.
-- I warned my children not to make so much noise.
"Don't go out of my reach," the mother said to her baby.
-- The mother asked her baby not to go out of her reach.

3）let's, let him/her/them 结构的间接引语
The tourist said, "let's leave the luggage at the station."
-- The tourist suggested that they leave the luggage at the station.
-- The tourist suggested leaving the luggage at the station.
"Let him not mention the unhappy thing again," she said.
-- She required that he (should) not mention that unhappy thing again.