[测试题]

Part One Text-related Part
I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences. One word or expression for each blank only.
l But I have not 1 given up all hope of finding some way of hastening the approach of sleep. Even yet there is a 2 , for rereading (not for the first, and, please Heaven! Not the last time) Lamb’s letters, I came upon the following, 3 a note to Southey; “But there is a man in my office, a Mr.H., who 4 it away from morning to night, and never gets beyond corporal and material 5 ! … When I can’t sleep o’nights, I 6 a dialogue with Mr.H., 7 a given subject, and go prosing on in 8 with him, till I either laugh or fall asleep. I have literally found it answer …” There is promise in this, and we all have our Mr. H. 9 talk, bare of anything like fancy and wit, acts upon us like a 10 of laudanum. This very night I will 11 such trivial phantasies as jumping sheep and crooked pictures, and 12 the phantom of a crushing, stupendous Bore.

l From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that 13 I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the 14 that I was outraging my true nature and that 15 I should have to 16 and write books.
I was the middle child of three, but there was a 17 of five years on 18 side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon 19 disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had the lonely child’s habit of making up stories and 20 conversations with 21 persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being 22 and undervalued. I knew that I had a 23 with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could 24 for my failure in everyday life …

A. holding B. facility C. when D. gap
E. glimmer F. proses G. in H. settle down
I. either J. developed K. yet L. consciousness
M. isolated N. upon O. verities P. get my own back
Q. imaginary R. fancy S. evoke T. sooner or later
U. whose V. dismiss W. imagine X. dose

II. There are 15 sentences with a blank in each, followed by
a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences. One word or expression for each blank only.
25. With me, illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep.
26. I stare at the blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused, and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all.
27. When I am in the I can compose grand symphonies, and paint magnificent pictures.
28. They sink, at once, into stupid, heavy , leaving
you to your own mental devices.
29. Iron wills , there must be a lack of human sympathy or depth in a man who can thus throw off, with his clothes, his waking feelings and thoughts …
30. … As a very small child I used to imagine that I was, say, Robin Hood, and myself as the hero of thrilling adventures …
31. The lines from Paradise Lost sent down my backbone.
32. It is his job, no doubt, to discipline his temperament and avoid at some immature stage, or in some preserved mood.
33. the need to earn a living, I think there are four great motives for writing, at any rate for writing prose.
34. First I spent five years in an unsuitable profession, and then I poverty and the sense of failure.
35. The Spanish war and the other events in 1936-1937 turned the and thereafter I knew where I stood.
36. The job is to reconcile my likes and dislikes with the essentially public, non-individual activities that this age forces on all of us.
37. I will only say of late years I have tried to write less picturesquely and more exactly.
38. It is a failure, every book is a failure, but I do know with some clarity what kind of book I want to write.
39. One would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven by some demon whom one can resist nor understand.

A. that B. not C. underwent D. scale
E. trembles F. picture G. apart H. bound to be
I. neither J. endured K. ingrained L. getting stuck
M. humor N. someone O. alone P. reproachfully
Q. nothing R. spirit S. slumber T. proved
U. shivers V. side W. reflect X. putting aside

III. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and mark the corresponding letter.
40. His intervention was, like all the others, of no (A. effect, B. avail).
41. The magician’s wonderful performance (A. fascinated, B. charmed) all the audience.
42. There is complete (A. inconsistency, B. conflict) between the two views expressed by him.
43. All the girls are fed up with the (A. variety, B. monotony) of work on the assembly line.
44. The commander-in-chief (A. meditated, B. thought) for a whole week before giving the final order.
45. John’s mother (A. remonstrated, B. warned) with him about his bad behavior at school.
46. These are little (A. troubles, B. vexations) of life which nobody can avoid totally.
47. There is a (A. contradiction, B. contrariness) between what he says and what he does.
48. The police will have to use (A. force, B. compulsion) if the kidnapper still refuse to surrender.
49. The heart-broken girl hoped to (A. destroy, B. efface) all the unpleasant memories of her love.
50. The man (A. fluctuated, B. changed) between hope and despair.
51. The two classes were (A. reconciled, B. settled) after a fierce family quarrel.
52. The (A. entirety, B. integrity) of the community relies on the good management.
53. Some writings by him were (A. downright, B. thoroughly) disgusting.
54. The bright colors of the flowers (A. appealed, B. arrested) all the children’s attention.

IV. Translate the following into English.
55．人为的催眠法多不胜举，唯一的相同处是全都无效。
56．我朋友的治疗方法是想象自己不断重复地做某个毫无意义的动作， 直到她在心里对生活之单调感到极度厌恶，睡眠便来结束一切。
57．我在这里谈了些早年的情况。因为我认为， 要判定一个作家的写作动机，就需对其早期的经历略知一二。
58．可以看出，这些不同的动机会互相抵牾，会因人因时而起伏消长。
59．这使我对权势的本能的嫉恨变得更强烈，我开始意识到劳动阶级的存在。

V. Translate the following into Chinese.
60. Once in bed, when it is time to close the five ports of knowledge, most folks I know seem to find no difficulty in plunging their earthly parts into oblivion.
61. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression.
62. Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism.
63. The more one is conscious of one’s political bias, the more chance one has of action politically without sacrificing one’s aesthetic and intellectual integrity.
64. So long as I remain alive and well I shall continue to feel strongly about prose style, to love the surface of the earth, and to take a pleasure in solid objects and scraps of useless information.

VI. Answer the following questions in English.
65. What does the author think is the best way of inducing sleep?
66. Do you think the author intends to convey any serious message to the reader through this writing on sleep?
67. What kind of books did George Orwell want to write?
68. What did George Orwell think of purple passages?
69. What does Orwell mean when he says that one has to struggle to efface one’s own personality in order to write good prose?

Part Two Proficiency Part

Read the following passage and answer the questions:
NASA: Space Concierge
(1) Perhaps now the astronomers and other “pure” scientists will stop whining about how manned space flight is stealing all the money from real science. Why? Because last week， man—that clunky, bulky, heaving, breathing space lunk—saved Hubble. And Hubble, the $1.6 billion orbiting telescope, is the kind of robot observer that scientists like to claim is the real way to explore space, far better than the clumsy Spam-in-a can bipeds we periodically and extravagantly hurl into orbit. Well, now that man has done this for the robots, it is time for the robots and their human advocates to shut up, for at least a week or two, about the waste and expense of manned space exploration.
(2) The Endeavour shuttle astronauts performed the most complicated space repair ever attempted. And doing so, they proved at last that man (meaning men and women, of course; please don’t write) can do real work in space, and do it efficiently. They not only saved Hubble. They saved NASA, which with failures stretching back to Challenger has rapidly been losing public favour and political support. Just as it was coming to be seen as yet another wasteful government bureaucracy, NASA does the Hubble rescue and shows that man in space can be useful.
(3) This, of course, is the rationale for NASA’s next great project, the space station, a place where wonderful new chemicals, cures and gizmos yet undreamed of are to be produced. And for those still justifiably skeptical about these claims, the Hubble repair provides yet another role for man in space: concierge. Who, after all, will service our huge earth-serving space infrastructure, the satellites that bring us Beavis and Butthead, that allow weathermen to guess wildly a full seven days into the future, that can rattle the pocket pagers of every Rogaine salesman in the country? Who will service these vital underpinnings of Western Civilization? Man, says NASA.
(4) It is something of a pity that appliance repair is the way to justify man in space these days. Thirty years ago, when all this was starting, the model for manned flight was not Art Carney in the sewer but Vasco da Gama rounding the Cape. Long ago, public support for space exploration had two part. First, a spirit of competition. It was sport—war by other means – writ large, very large: an international race to the moon, by God.
(5) But it was more than sport. It was romance. It meant meeting our destiny. Today it means little more than physical displacement. Compare the films of the early space age with the sci-fi of today. Compare 2001 with Robocop, Close Encounters with the Terminator. Compare John Kennedy’s thrilling pledge to race to the moon with … what? No politician talks that way anymore. The new frontier is not the moon. It’s HMOs.
(6) Today no one would give Kennedy’s speech, and, if given, no one would believe it. It is 30 years later, and we are weighed down by cynicism about government, worries about our economy, deep anxieties about a level of social breakdown we could not have imagined in 1961. true, in the ‘60s too we had our scolds who told us that money spent on the moon was better spent on this or that program here on Earth. But in a more expansive time, people ignored those with the souls of accountants who knew nothing of national adventure.
(7) Today those who believe that government’s role is not bankrolling wonder but fixing bridges are in the majority. There is no constituency for romance.
(8) Perhaps this is the way of all exploration. In rosy retrospect, we tend to see the great 15th and 16th century Spanish and Portuguese explorers as seekers of destiny. They were not. Generally they were seekers of a quick way to the riches of Asia. They were after gold and silk – gathering slaves and manufacturing Christians along the way – not romance. Certainly not romance for its own sake. Perhaps we should not be too dismayed to find ourselves 500 years later pushing the envelope for the same reasons, mundane but politically viable, of commerce and convenience.
(9) Still, it is hard to understand how this can be. It is hard to understand how people can live in this age and not thrill to the idea of manned exploration. What, after all, will the 20th century be remembered for? Its music, its philosophy, its art pale in comparison with that of centuries past. The 20th century will be remembered for three thins: its perfection of genocide, its discovery of nuclear terror, and its invention of flight. We will be remembered as the people who went from Kitty Hawk to the moon in 66 years.
(10) And spent the next 25 on maintenance. Yes, we need the shuttle. We need the space station. We need to fix satellites and measure ozone or whatever. But we also need to roam. It is time to return to the moon. And then on to Mars. Why? Might we well ask why Sir Richard Burton searched for the source of the Nile.
(11) The Hobble mission was a great success. But sometime soon, some spacewalking astronaut is going to crash into some billion-dollar mirror, and the cry will go up again: Why the clunky, bulky bipeds? Why not robots?
(12) Because robots can fix, but they cannot dream. Upon rounding the moon and apprehending the earth, they are not moved to recite Genesis. It may be politically shrewd, but it is perilous to sell manned exploration on grounds of efficiency alone. In the end, man is clunky. But he sings.
NASA: （美）国家航空航天局
concierge: 看门人，门房
spam: 午餐肉
biped: 两足动物
gizmo: 玩意儿，小发明
infrastructure: 下部结构，基础结构
mundane: 世界的，世俗的，平凡的
HMOs: 健康保护组织
ozone: 臭氧

VII. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer.
70. According to the article, which of the following saved the Hubble Telescope? ________.
A. Robot observers
B. Astronauts
C. Astronomers
D. NASA
71. The astronomers and other “pure” scientists have been complaining about ________.
A. the expansive money manned space flight has been costing
B. the inefficiency of man on the moon
C. how manned space flight is taking all the money from real science
D. the insufficient government support for further space exploration
72. ________ is the NASA’s following great project.
A. producing wonderful new chemicals in space
B. launching another more complicated satellite
C. manufacturing toys undreamed of in space
D. building the space station
73. Which of the following statements is not true? ________.
A. The Hubble rescue is by far the most difficult mission
B. Man will service these vital theoretical basis of Western civilization
C. The “pure” scientists still think that the Hubble repair has cost too much money
D. The challenge facing Endeavour’s shuttle astronauts was not only to fix the Hubble Telescope but to repair NASA’s reputation
74. The public supported space exploration 30 years ago because _______.
A. space exploration had a spirit of competition and a sense of romance
B. it could bring benefits to man
C. people wanted to send man, not robots to space
D. they were true lovers of space exploration
75. According to the author, now people are concerned about ________.
A. their economy and social breakdown
B. their social stagnation and contradiction
C. the mistrustful remarks about the government
D. their economic level and reckoning
76．The passage shows that the majority of people believe that the government role should be ________.
A. persuading constituency to offer more money for romance than for wonder
B. offering money for space exploration instead of fixing bridges for people
C. providing funds for everyday life of people instead of offering money for space exploration
D. supporting the development of sending robots to space
77．The Endeavour shuttle astronauts saved NASA because ________.
A. NASA has been losing public favour and political support
B. the rescue showed that man in space could be useful
C. it proved to be another waste of government money
D. they saved Hubble
78. The author of the passage suggests that ________.
A. man in space can do everything
B. man can do everything in space in much the same way as robots
C. robots can’t dream, so they can not finish all tasks.
D. man has been constantly doing wonders in space exploration in this century
79. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. the author is against sending man to space
B. the author is worried about the safety of astronauts in space
C. the author is for sending man to space
D. the author wanted the warn people of the danger in space exploration

VIII. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part.
80. There is no constituency for romance.
A. champion
B. opponent
C. advocate
D. antagonist
81. In rosy retrospect, we tend to see the great 15th and 16th century Spanish and Portuguese explorers as seekers of destiny.
A. In optimistic review
B. In pessimistic review
C. In regretful review
D. In sad review
82. But sometime soon, some spacewalking astronaut is going to crash into some billion-dollar mirror, and the cry will go up again …
A. the sound will be louder
B. the support for manned space flight will increase
C. the opposition to manned space flight will increase
D. the demand for it will be stronger
83. The new frontier is not the moon. It is HMOs.
A. We should not go to the moon, we should go to HMOs for help.
B. HMOs will solve our problems.
C. The moon is no longer as important as HMOs..
D. The new difficulty for us to conquer lies not on the moon, but on the HMOs.
84. It may be politically shrewd, but it is perilous to sell manned exploration on grounds of efficiency alone.
A. it is dangerous to promote the development of manned exploration only because of its efficiency
B. manned exploration is not as efficient as robot exploration
C. it is dangerous to give up manned exploration because it is not efficient
D. efficiency alone doesn’t guarantee good market

IX. Translate the following sentence into Chinese.
85. The Endeavour shuttle astronauts performed the most complicated space repair ever attempted.
86. This, of course, is the rationale for NASA’s next great project, the space station, a place where wonderful new chemicals, cures and gizmos yet undreamed of are to be produced.
87. It is something of a pity that appliance repair is the way to justify man in space these days.
88. It is 30 years later, and we are weighed down by cynicism about government, worries about our economy, deep anxieties about a level of social breakdown we could not have imagined in 1961.
89. Perhaps we should not be too dismayed to find ourselves 500 years later pushing the envelope for the same reasons, mundane but politically viable, of commerce and convenience.

X. Answer the following essay question in English with 80-100 words.
How do you understand that the Endeavour’s shuttle
astronauts saved not only Hubble but also NASA?

查看答案