Language Study

● Word Study

Word list:

Attachment / dangle / dense / earn / extend / familiarity / frail/ regard / roam / stand / sting / suspect / trespass / wrench/ identify / impenetrable / incline / nickname / offer / private / proceed

1. attachment

n. affection; devotion

Examples:

● As a teenager she formed a strong attachment to one of her teachers.

● She has already formed a strong attachment to her baby brother.

● feel a strong attachment to one's family

2. dangle

v. a. to hang or swing loosely

b. to offer as an attraction

Examples:

● A pair of binoculars dangled from her neck.

● He sat on the edge of the table dangling his legs.

● They might do the job if you dangle a bonus in front of them.

3. dense

a. a. closely packed or crowded together

b. difficult to see through

c. stupid

4. Earn

v. a. to receive a certain amount of money for the work you do

b. to get something you deserve

Examples:

● Now that you are earning, you should think about buying a house.

He earned a lot of praise from the papers for the way he handled the strike.

5. extend

v. If someone extends his hand, he stretches out his arm and hand to shake hands with someone.

Examples:

● The man extended his hand: "I'm Chuck."

● He refused to take the hand I extended in friendship.

● He extended his hand in greeting.

6. familiarity

a. familiar

a. familiar

n. a. thorough knowledge (of)

b. the freedom of behavior only expected in the most friendly relations

Examples:

● His familiarity with the language impressed us all.

● They greeted each other with such familiarity that we thought they must be brother and sister.

7. frail

a. a. (someone) not very strong or healthy

b. (something) easily broken or damaged

Examples:

● She lay in bed looking particularly frail.

● The frail craft rocked as he clambered in.

8. Identify

v. a. to prove or show the identity of

b. to discover or recognize

Examples:

● She was asked to identify the criminal.

● The dead man has been identified as Mr. James Gould.

● They have now identified the main cause of the problem.

9. impenetrable

a. a. impossible to go into or through

b. extremely difficult or impossible to understand

● the impenetrable forest

● impenetrable by a bullet

● impenetrable by a bullet

● an impenetrable mystery

● a mind impenetrable by/to new ideas

10. incline

v. a. to influence or encourage to have a particular feeling, belief, etc.

b. to tend to; be likely to show a particular state of quality

c. to cause to move downwards

Examples:

● Her arguments incline me towards a different view of the matter.

● I incline to get tired easily.

● He inclined his head in greeting.

● incline a post against the wall

● incline one's ear to sb.

● be inclined to go by air

● His attitude did not incline me to help him.

● Are you inclined for a walk?

● incline to traditional way

● incline toward the speaker to hear more clearly

● Right incline!

11. nickname

n. a name used informally instead of a person's own name connected with one's character or history

first name      Christian name

surname         last name

family name     maiden name

pet name        fake name

pseudonym       pen name

stage name      anonymity

12. offer

● He offered me his seat.

● offer a few ideas

● offer the house for ￡1,000

● offer the house for ￡1,000

● accept/decline an offer

● make an offer (of)

● on offer

● receive an offer

Translation

● 他把他的座位让给了我。

● 提几点意见

● 房屋要价一千镑

● 对该房屋出价一千镑

● 接受/不接受提议

● 提议；提供，出价

● 出卖

● 接受提议

13. private

Translation

● private life

● private coach/teacher/tutor

● private property

● private ownership

● private ownership

● a private car

● private business

● private affairs/concerns

● private information

● a private soldier

● for sb.'s private ear

● in private (criticism in private)

● 私生活

● 家庭教师，私人教师

● 私有财产

● 私有制

● 私人秘书

● 私家车

● 个人的事，私事

● 私事，隐秘的事

● 非正式消息

● 士兵，列兵

● 只私下里跟某人讲

● 秘密地 (背后批评)

14. proceed

v. a. to begin or continue in a course of action or set of actions

b. to advance; move in a particular direction

Examples:

● The work is proceeding according to plan.

● He paused to consult his notes, and then proceeded with his questions.

● Passengers for the New York flight should now proceed to Gate 13.

● proceed to London

● proceed to the next business

● Please proceed with your story.

● diseases that proceed from dirt

● proceed to the degree

● proceed with one's work

15. Regard

v. a. to look at, observe, watch carefully

b. to consider in the stated way

n. respectful attention; consideration

Examples:

● She regarded him curiously for a moment.

● I have always regarded him highly.

● You have no regard for my feelings.

● in that regard

● with regard to

● regardless of

● as regards/regarding

16. roam

v. to wander without any very clear purpose

Examples:

● The lovers roamed across the fields in complete forgetfulness of the time.

● Crowds of youths roamed the streets looking for trouble.

17. stand

n. a small often outdoor place

Examples:

● a stand of trees/wheat

● an ice-cream stand

● a book stand

● a newspaper stand

● open stands

● a good stand of timber

18. sting (stung, stung)

n. & v. to hurt or make something hurt with asudden sharp pain for a short time

Examples:

● I stared out of the window, tears stinging my eyes.

19. suspect

v. a. to think that something is probably true or likely, esp. something bad

b. to think that someone is probably guilty

c. to doubt the truth of something

n. a person who is suspected of guilt, esp. In a crime

n. suspicion

a. suspicious

a. suspectable

Examples:

● They suspect him of murder.

● They suspect him of murder.

20. trespass

v. to enter privately owned property or land without permission

n. an act or offence of trespassing

Examples:

● She was trespassing on my special place.

● One more trespass I must make on your patience. I shall trespass on your hospitality.

21. wrench

v. to twist and pull with force

n. a. a feeling of sadness caused by leaving

b. a place or a person that you love

Examples:

● to wrench a door off its hinges

● He managed to wrench himself free.

● Leaving home was a terrible wrench for him.

● Phrases and Expressions

List:

as it were / brim over / catch one's breath / keep to oneself / not nearly enough / odds and ends / put sb. at ease / set off / warn against

1. as it were

可谓，好像

Examples:

● I'd understood the words, but I didn't, as it were, understand the question.

● He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.

● The English, the Scots and the Welsh are all, as it were, members of the same family.

as it is

Examples:

● I want to work at home on a Tuesday but as it is sometimes it's a Wednesday or a Thursday.

● I thought things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.

2. brim over: to overflow

Examples:

● a glass brimming over with water

● brim over with excitement, happiness, joy, etc.

● I noticed Dorabella was brimming over with excitement.

3. catch one's breath

Examples:

● She caught her breath, instinctively touching her throat with her hand.

● John caught his breath as Nikko nearly dropped the bottle.

● He had stopped to catch his breath.

● at a breath

● be short of breath

● above one's breath

● draw a breath

● hold/keep one's breath

● in a breath

● out of breath

● take breath

4. keep to oneself

to avoid meeting people socially

Example:

● Nobody knows much about him; he keeps very much to himself.

5. not nearly enough

far from enough; not enough

Examples:

● It's not nearly enough.

● There weren't nearly enough people to settle all that land.

6. odds and ends

small articles of various kinds, without much value

Examples:

● The old round tin was filled up with countless other odds and ends.

● He only heard some odds and ends.

7. put/set sb. at ease

to make sb. feel relaxed

Examples:

● He had been dreading their meeting but her warm welcome soon put him at ease.

● I never feel at ease in his company.

● Finish the task at your ease.

● He felt ill at ease in the strange surroundings.

● He felt ill at ease in the strange surroundings.

● He passed the test with ease.

8. set off

to start a journey

Examples:

● We set off.

● He set off for his remote farmhouse in Texas.

● She set off, full of optimism.

● set about

● set in

● set off

● set to

● set back

● set up

● set down

● set out

9. warn against

to warn someone not to do something

Examples:

● I had been warned against going off with strangers.

● He warned me against going there at night.

● Word Building

List:

● Prefix：bi-

● Root：ocular

● Suffix：-ify

● Grammar

Apposition

Definition

A syntactic relation in which an element is juxtaposed to another element of the same kind，especially between noun phrases that do not have distinct referents.

Example:

Do you know my wife Lucy?

It was my secret fortress, almost a holy place.

I'd leave the bright sun and the twitter and rustle of insects and animals outside and creep into another world—a vaulted cathedral.

But she sent me home with two large tomes, one full of beautiful illustrations of birds, and one of butterflies and other insects.

● A few years later Michael had another good idea, to trade stamps by advertising in stamp magazines.

● If the baby is truly abandoned or orphaned—something you can learn only by watching it from a distance for an hour or more—you have a decision to make.

● We are faced with a big trouble: how to get the license legally.