词汇学习

●Word Study

Cloudburst / collapse / descend / doom / erupt / flee / graze / intact / perish / reverberate / shroud / summit / topple / volcanic

1. cloudburst

n. a sudden, very heavy fall of rain

Examples:

●A black cloudburst was drenching Siena at midday.

●These poured down as though there had been a sudden cloudburst.

●The bus was delayed by a cloudburst.

●A downpour of rain put out the children's bonfire .

●This little stream can become a deluge when it rains heavily.

●This artificial hurricane rushed like a waterspout through the air.

●After the winter rains, the stream becomes a raging torrent .

2. collapse

v. a. break down, literally or metaphorically

b. collapse due to fatigue, an illness, or a sudden attack

n. an abrupt failure of function or complete physical exhaustion

Examples:

●The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.

●If you work too hard, your health may collapse.

●A heavy flood caused the collapse of the bridge.

●The stock market was on the brink of collapse.

3. descend

v. a . move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

b. come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example

Examples:

●I wish that the prices can descend.

●I didn't expect him to descend to personal abuse.

●He is descended from Confucius.

4. doom

v.a. decree or designate beforehand

b. make certain of the failure or destruction of

Examples:

●The plan was doomed by their refusal to give it any financial support.

●All wrong doers are doomed to come to grief.

●From the start, the plan was doomed to failure.

●The criminal was doomed to death.

n. an unpleasant or disastrous destiny

Examples

●The report on our economic situation is full of doom and gloom.

●They're just like eggs hurled against stone; they're heading for their doom.

●The dictator met his doom after ten years of rule.

5. erupt

v. a. when a volcano erupts or burning rocks, smoke, etc. erupt or are erupted, the burning rocks, etc. are thrown out from the volcano

b. to start happening, suddenly and violently

Examples:

●An immense volume of rocks and molten lava was erupted.

●Violence has erupted on the streets.

6. flee

v. to leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger

Examples:

●He was caught trying to flee the country.

●The driver had already fled the scene of the accident.

●Many refugees have been forced to flee their homeland.

●The frightened people fled from the fire.

7. graze

v. a. to eat grass that is growing in a field

b. to put cows, sheep in a field so that they can eat the grass

Examples:

●The horses were grazing on the lush grass.

●The field had been grazed by sheep.

●The land is used by local people to graze their animals.

●He grazed his elbow on a sharp piece of rock.

8. intact

a. constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

Examples:

●Most of the houses remains intact even after two hundred years.

●He emerged from the trial with his reputation intact.

●Despite his misfortunes, his faith and optimism remained intact.

9. perish

v. a. to die, especially in a sudden violent way

b. to be lost or destroyed

Examples:

●Early buildings were made of wood and have perished.

●Almost a hundred people perished in the hotel fire last night.

●We must plan our civilization or we must perish .

10. reverberate

v. a. to be repeated several times as it is reflected off different surfaces

b. to seem to shake because of a loud noise

Examples:

●Her voice reverberated around the hall.

●The crash reverberated through the house.

●Echoes of cries of pain reverberate my heart.

11. shroud

n. a. a piece of cloth that a dead person's body is wrapped in before it is buried

b. a thing that covers, surrounds or hides something

Examples:

●The doctor wanted us to use the sheet for a shroud.

●The organization is cloaked in a shroud of secrecy.

Examples:

●For years the teaching of acting has been shrouded in mystery.

●The whole jail was shrouded in darkness.

●Mist shrouded the hilltops.

●The origins of this civilization are shrouded in mystery.

12. summit

n. a. the highest point of something, especially the top of a mountain

b. an official meeting or series of meetings between the leaders of two or more governments at which they discuss important matters

●summit conference

●This path leads to the summit.

●The athlete reached the summit of his prowess at the age of twenty-four.

13. topple

v. to become unsteady and fall down; to make something do this

Examples:

●The pile of books toppled over onto the floor.

●The explosion toppled the near chimney.

14. volcanic

a.a. relating to or produced by or consisting of volcanoes

b. explosively unstable

Examples:

●volcanic ash

●The temperature of volcanic gases is very high.

The French Revolution was a volcanic upheaval in European history.