语法结构

List:

●Prefix—un

●Root—sent

●Suffix—ate

●Grammar

Subject–auxiliary inversion 主谓倒装

Definition: a reversal of normal word order, especially the placement of a verb ahead of the subject (subject-verb inversion)

[1] In yes–no questions and wh-questions:

●Has Sam read the paper?

●What is Sam reading?

Exceptions: Inversion does not occur when the interrogative word is the subject

●Who / Which fool has read the paper?

Exceptions: Inversion does not occur in indirect questions.

●Cathy wonders what Sam ate.

●We asked whether Tom had left.

[2] Negative inversion:

●A negation (e.g. not, no, never, nothing, etc.) or a word that implies negation (only, hardly, scarcely) or a phrase containing one of these words precedes the finite auxiliary verb

●At no time will Sam relax. (Yes)

●Never has Jim tried that. (Yes)

●With no jacket did Bill go out in the cold. (Yes)

●With no jacket, Bill went out in the cold.(No)

[3] Inversion in condition clauses

●In a possible future condition, should is used

●Should you feel hungry, ... (inverted form)

●In a counterfactual present / future condition, the past subjunctive were is used:

●Were she here, ...(inverted form)

●In a condition clause expressing a counterfactual past condition, the auxiliary had can be inverted:

●Had he written, ... (inverted form)

●Inversion is possible when the present subjunctive be is used

●Be they friend or foe ... (Whether they be friend or foe …)

[4] Other cases

●Inversion is used after so or as, in elliptical clauses.

●Fred fell asleep, so / as did Jim.

●Inversion occurs when beginning with so or such:

●So tired (Such tiredness) did we feel that we fell asleep.

●Optional inversion in elliptical clauses introduced by than:

●Sally knows more languages than does her father / than her father does.

Additional:

●Locative inversion: In the corner lay a lamp. On that tree sleeps Larry.

●Directive inversion (verbs as come, go, run):

●Into the room came two students. Out of the tree fell the squirrel.

●Link-verb inversion: A concern was the objection.

●Quotative inversion: “We are going to win", said Bill.

●Multiple verbs: Under her bed have been found a pistol.

FOR SUBJECT-VERB INVERSION 主谓倒装（全部倒装）