I．Data analysis:

1. What kind of pre-sequence is A’s first utterance in each of the following discourses?

1) A: Are you doing anything tonight?

B: Why are you asking?

A: I thought we might watch a movie.

B: Well, no, nothing particular. What do you want to see?

2) A: Do you have a rubber?

B: Yes.

A: May I use it?

B: Here you are.

3) A: Do you know what I want to tell you about Mr. Smith?

B: What?

A: I saw him flirting with a lady at a party.

B: Does his wife know that?

A: Of course, she does. The lady is his wife.

2. What maxis of the cooperative principle do the following sentences flout and what are the implicatures?

1) A: Macao’s in Spain, isn’t it, teacher?

B: And London’s in America, I suppose.

2) A: Do you know the great writers of the 19th century?

B: Oh yes, they are all dead.

3) A: How do you like the film?

B: Well, the music is very nice.

4) A: Is Don Regan, the White House chief of staff, a feudist?

B: Don Regan, 66, is not a feudist, but he is not as well as his predecessor [James] Baker. Somehow, the adjective “ruthless” invariably arises when Regan discussed.

II. Illustration with examples:

1.Give an example to show insertion sequence.

2. Illustrate the distinction between preferred and dis-preferred second parts with examples.

III. Explain the following formula in your own words:

IV. Answer the following questions:

1. Which kind tend to be more polite, direct illocutions or indirect illocutions? Why?