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常用句式翻译--Part I 课文学习--第二页
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| 3 . 把关系代词译成“这”。 这种译法常用于 which 引导的非限制定语从句，补充说明前面一句话。 Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that the computations were accurate. 不过问题还是圆满的解决了。这说明计算是很准确的。 The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match the increase of population which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. 食品的供应将远远赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们正进入粮食的生产和营销危机。 He failed his exam, which proves that he wasn't working hard enough. 他考试没及格，这证明他不够用功。 4 . 省略关系代词，译成谓语或谓语的一部分。 把定语从句翻译成并列句，有时如果重复先行词会使汉语译文显得冗赘，因此可以选择省略关系代词把定语从句译成谓语的方法。 It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 是他接到那封信，说你的叔叔去世了。 Every year, humans churn out 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide, almost all of which goes straight into the atmosphere. 每年，人类排放 80 亿吨二氧化碳，几乎全部直接进入大气。 Both picnics and barbeques are friendly, informal social events that offer an opportunity to enjoy a meal outside in pleasant surroundings. 野餐和烧烤餐都是友情洋溢，不拘礼节的社交活动，让大家在户外一个怡情的环境高高兴兴饱餐一顿。 B. 置于主句之前： 拆译法有时从逻辑上考虑，有时从行文上考虑，都可以先译出定语从句然后再译主句。 She suddenly thought of her husband, who had left her and their children behind, and had never been heard of. 她丈夫早就抛下妻儿而且一直杳无音信，现在她忽然想起了他。 There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands. 移民从各地带来了多种文化，也产生了极大的好处。 I am no match for him in skill who has operated the tathe for ten years. 他干车床活有十年了。我的技术无法和他相比。 The police capitulated on the morning of the day when I volunteered to defy them. 那天上午我主动同警察对抗，他们却投降了。 (三) 融合法 融合法是把定语从句译成汉语的谓语，同时把主句压缩成汉语词组做主语。在翻译“ there be ”结构或“ it be ” + 主语 + 定语从句的结构时常用这种方法。这种译法使汉语行文简洁，句子结构严谨。例如： There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了一个月。 Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor. 美国人的许多风俗习惯在陌生人看来是颇为费解的。 It has a hope that reflected the conviction expressed some years earlier by my grandfather. 这个希望反映了几年前我祖父表达过的信念。 There are moments when I forget all about it. 有的时侯我完全忘了这一切。 这些句子如果译成长定语会使译文显得拖沓臃肿。 |
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