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 Course 3 > Grammar > Modification > Word formation>Affixation>常用后缀                  │Exercises
 
 

 
常用后缀

  1. 名词后缀
   a. 表示个体名词的后缀:
    -er 如:teacher, worker, Londoner, southerner(南方人)
    -or 如:actor, visitor instructor
    -ee 如:addressee(收信人), refugee(难民), employee(雇员)
    -eer 如:engineer, mountaineer(登山运动员)
    -ant 如:assistant, inhabitant(居民)
    -ist 如:typist, communist, leftist(左翼的人)
    -ian, -an 如:musician, physician, republican(共和主义者)
    -ess(表示阴性),如:actress, waitress, lioness, tigress

   b. 表示抽象名词的后缀:
    -ness 如:carefulness, happiness, goodness
    -ment 如:argument, movement, punishment
    -ure 如:failure, pressure, departure
    -ing 如:feeling, building, opening
    -al 如:arrival, refusal, approval
    -age 如:marriage, shortage, baggage
    -ism 如:communism, socialism, heroism(英雄主义)
    -ship 如:friendship, leadership, hardship
    -dom 如:freedom, wisdom, kingdom
    -hood 如:childhood, neighborhood, boyhood(少年)
    -(i)ty 如:activity, equality, safety
    -y 如:honesty, difficulty, discovery, delivery
    -th 如:truth, warmth, death
    -(a)tion, -sion 如:action, modernization, discussion
    -ance, -ence 如:appearance, assistance, reference, difference

  2. 动词后缀
   -en 如:shorten, sharpen, lengthen
   -ify 如:beautify, purify, simplify
   -ize 如:realize, modernize

  3. 形容词后缀
   -able 如:comfortable, unbreakable, drinkable
   -al 如:natural, professional, original
   -ful 如:awful, beautiful, careful
   -ic, -ical 如:organic, Pacific, physical
   -less 如:stainless, careless, useless
   -ish 如:childish, bookish, foolish
   -y 如:snowy, sleepy, curly
   -ous 如:dangerous, famous, courageous
   -ive 如:active, collective, impressive
   -en 如:golden, wooden, earthen
   -ed 如:gifted, colored, cultured
   -like 如:manlike, womanlike, homelike

  4. 副词后缀
   -ly 如:slowly, quickly, heavily
   -ward(s) 如:backward(s), downward(s), eastward(s)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
©Experiencing English 2002