短语动词在意义上相当于一个实意动词,在结构上可分为以下几类:
1.动词+介词,相当于一个及物动词,如:
How shall we deal with this problem?
2.动词+副词,这类短语有两种情况:
a.及物动词+副词,相当于一个及物动词。副词的位置由句中的宾语决定。若宾语是代词,其结构为动词+代词+副词;若宾语是名词,副词既可在宾语之前,也可在宾语之后,如:
It was an old woman that brought him up.
They put out the big fire.
They put the big fire out.
常见的还有:
give up throw away take off build up turn down
b.不及物动词+副词,相当于一个不及物动词,如:
The First World War broke out in
1914.
常见的还有:
grow up break away
show off go ahead
catch up break down
die down hurry up
3.动词+副词+介词,相当于一个及物动词,如:
I am looking forward to seeing you
next week.
常见的还有:
catch up with go on with
put up with make up for
go in for come up with
4.动词+名词+介词,相当于一个及物动词,如:
They often make fun of the poor
boy.
常见的还有:
pay attention to take advantage of
take care of catch hold of
make friends with catch sight of
take part in make use of
5.be+形容词(包括相当于形容词的过去分词)+介词,相当于一个及物动词,如:
He was angry with himself for having
made such a mistake.
常见的还有:
be fond of be interested in
be afraid of be satisfied with
be devoted to be surprised at
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